Timber frame construction 5th edition

1 Timber frame construction: An overview
1.1 Methods of construction
1.2 Modern timber frame
1.3 Performance of timber frame construction
1.3.1 Thermal performance
1.3.2 Fire performance
1.3.3 Sound insulation
1.3.4 Durability
1.4 Dimensional discipline
1.4.1 The structural grid
1.4.2 Vertical dimensions
References

2 Foundations
2.1 Design requirements
2.2 Sequence and setting out
2.3 Strip foundations
2.4 Trench fill
2.5 Reinforced concrete ground beams
2.6 Concrete rafts
2.7 Gas-proof membranes
2.8 Sloping ground level
2.9 Accessible thresholds
2.10 Proximity to trees
2.11 Basements
References

3 Ground floors
3.1 Design requirements
3.2 Integration with the timber frame superstructure
3.3 Floor insulation
3.4 Concrete ground floors
3.4.1 Floating ground floor decks
3.5 Timber suspended ground floors
3.5.1 Timber joists
3.5.2 Decking for suspended timber floors
References

4 Walls
4.1 External walls
4.1.1 Design requirements
4.1.2 External wall construction
4.2 Internal walls
4.2.1 Design requirements
4.2.2 Internal wall construction
4.3 Wall linings
4.3.1 Design requirements
4.3.2 Lining materials
4.3.3 Framing and lining junctions
4.4 Alternative wall constructions
4.4.1 Insulation
4.4.2 Structure
4.4.3 Fire performance
4.4.4 Cladding
4.5 Multi-storey construction
References

5 Party walls
5.1 Design requirements
5.2 Party walls for dwellings
5.2.1 Party wall construction
5.2.2 Structural stability
5.2.3 Fire resistance
5.2.4 Sound insulation
5.2.5 Proximity of windows
5.2.6 Thermal performance
5.2.7 Air-tightness
5.2.8 Junctions with other elements
5.2.9 Penetration of linings
5.2.10 Steps and staggers
5.2.11 Specific requirements for separating walls in Scotland
5.3 Compartment walls for buildings other than dwellings
5.3.1 Compartment wall construction
5.3.2 Openings
5.3.3 Penetration of linings
References

6 Intermediate floors
6.1 Design requirements
6.2 Design of intermediate floors
6.3 Floor joists
6.3.1 Notching and drilling
6.3.2 Trimmers and beams
6.4 Supporting internal walls
6.5 Fire resistance
6.6 Acoustic performance
6.7 Floor decks
6.8 Ceiling linings
6.9 Cantilevered floors
References

7 Party floors
7.1 Design requirements
7.1.1 Fire resistance
7.1.2 Sound insulation
7.1.3 Thermal performance
7.1.4 Structure
7.2 Party floors for dwellings
7.2.1 Specified constructions
7.2.2 Structure
7.2.3 Fire performance
7.2.4 Sound insulation
7.2.5 Floor to wall junctions
7.3 Compartment floors where specific sound resistance is not required
References

8 Roofs
8.1 Design requirements
8.2 Pitched roofs
8.2.1 Trussed rafter roofs
8.2.2 Attic trussed rafter roofs
8.2.3 Panel roofs
8.2.4 Site-constructed roofs
8.2.5 Constructional details
8.2.6 Covering for pitched roofs
8.3 Flat roofs
8.3.1 Cold deck roofs
8.3.2 Warm deck sandwich roofs
8.3.3 Warm deck inverted roofs
8.3.4 Materials for flat roof construction
8.4 Insulation in roofs
8.4.1 Ventilated pitched roofs
8.4.2 Room in the roof structures
8.4.3 Cold deck, warm deck and inverted flat roofs
8.5 Ventilation in roofs
References

9 Cladding
9.1 Design requirements
9.2 Cladding materials
9.3 Masonry cladding
9.4 Tile or slate cladding
9.5 Render cladding
9.5.1 Cement render cladding on masonry
9.5.2. Cement render cladding on paper-backed lath
9.5.3 Proprietary render systems
9.6 Brick slips
9.7 Metal sheet cladding
9.8 Timber cladding
9.8.1 Support battens
9.8.2 Cladding boards
9.8.3 Horizontal boards
9.8.4 Vertical boards
9.8.5 Durability
9.8.6 Species
9.8.7 Quality
9.8.8 Moisture movement
9.8.9 Installation and fixing
9.8.10 Detail design
9.8.11 Finishes
9.8.12 Fire performance
9.8.13 Other wood-based claddings
9.9 Cavity barriers
9.10 Junctions between self-supporting and attached cladding
9.11 Location and fixing of external joinery
References

10 Services
10.1 Design requirements
10.2 Notching and drilling framing members
10.3 Effect of differential movement on services
10.4 Drainage and plumbing installation
10.5 Electrical installation
10.5.1 Electricity meter boxes
10.6 Gas installations
10.6.1 Gas meter boxes
10.6.2 Gas installation pipework
10.6.3 Gas appliance installation
10.6.4 Installation of a room sealed appliance, for example a boiler
10.7 Chimneys
10.7.1 Chimneys on external walls
10.7.2 Chimneys on internal walls
10.7.3 Chimneys adjacent to party walls
10.7.4 Chimneys through party floors
References

Appendix 1 Timber and wood-based materials
A1.1 Structural solid timber
A1.1.1 Sizes
A1.1.2 Strength grading and strength classes
A1.2 Structural timber composites
A1.2.1 Glulam
A1.2.2 Laminated veneer lumber
A1.2.3 Parallel strand lumber
A1.2.4 Laminated strand lumber
A1.2.5 Cross laminated timber
A1.2.6 Engineered beam or joist components
A1.2.7 Engineered panel components
A1.3 Wood-based panel products
A1.3.1 Performance characteristics
A1.3.2 Oriented strand board
A1.3.3 Plywood
A1.3.4 Fibreboards
A 1.3.5 Particleboard - wood chipboard
A1.3.6 Cement-bonded particleboards
A1.4 Moisture content
A1.4.1 Measuring moisture content
A1.5 Preservative treatment
A1.6 Care of timber and components
References

Appendix 2 Materials data
A2.1 Densities and weights of materials
A2.2 Vapour resistivity and vapour resistance values
A2.3 Thermal conductivity of materials
References

Appendix 3 Supervisor's checklist
A3.1 Work typically undertaken by groundworks contractor
A3.2 Work typically undertaken by timber frame provider/timber frame erection crew
A3.3 Work typically undertaken by other subcontractors

Robin Lancashire is BM TRADA's Senior Timber Frame Consultant. He has extensive on-site experience of timber frame buildings, in various forms at all stages of construction. His work involves him providing advice on best practice construction to all areas of the timber frame industry from architects and their clients, to main contractors and building owners.

Lewis Taylor was a Timber Frame Consultant at BM TRADA. In addition to his extensive experience of Timber Frame buildings, Lewis also provided consultancy on thermal performance, thermal bridging and low energy building design.